{"id":391,"date":"2024-03-04T13:43:16","date_gmt":"2024-03-04T11:43:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/timurbasirov.wordpress.com\/?page_id=391"},"modified":"2025-10-21T06:44:44","modified_gmt":"2025-10-21T06:44:44","slug":"teoria","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/timurbasirov23.thkit.ee\/wp\/eng\/teoria\/","title":{"rendered":"Theory"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Mis on robot? Maailma esimene robot.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Robot<\/strong> on programmeeritav, automaatselt isetoimiv masin, mida kasutatakse inimese liikumist ja tajumist asendavates t\u00f6\u00f6des v\u00f5i toimingutes. Roboteid on mitut t\u00fc\u00fcpi, n\u00e4iteks t\u00f6\u00f6stusrobotid<\/strong>, militaarrobotid<\/strong>, uurimisrobotid<\/strong>, meditsiinirobotid<\/strong>, p\u00f5llumajandusrobotid<\/strong> ja majapidamisrobotid<\/strong>. Need masinad v\u00f5ivad olla kaugjuhitavad, programmeeritavad v\u00f5i m\u00f5lemat korraga. Kuigi m\u00f5ned robotid on inimesekujulised, enamik neist on mingi vajaliku funktsiooni t\u00e4itva mehhanismi sarnased.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Maailma esimene robot Unimate, mis v\u00f5ttis valuvormist kuumusest veel punaseid autode ukse k\u00e4epidemeid, jahutas neid vedelikus ja suunas edasiseks t\u00f6\u00f6tlemiseks liinile.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Robotite arendamis p\u00f5lvkonnad. Nimeta ja seleta.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Esimene p\u00f5lvkond.<\/strong> Esimese p\u00f5lvkonna robotid olid lihtsa ehitusega ning neil puudus \u00fcmbrusetaju ehk andurid. Oma t\u00f6\u00f6d suutsid nad teha vaid mittemuutuvates tingimustes.
N\u00e4iteks robotk\u00e4si, mis t\u00f5stab \u00f5lletehases pudeleid kastidesse. Robot sooritab identseid liigutusi, aga kuna tal ei ole \u00fcmbritsevast keskkonnast mitte mingit signaali, st ta ei saa oma tegevuse kohta mittemingisugust tagasisidet, siis keskonna muutuse korral ta enam ei t\u00f6\u00f6ta korralikult. Selliseid roboteid t\u00e4nap\u00e4eval enam ei loetagi \u00f5igeteks robotiteks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Teine p\u00f5lvkond.<\/strong> Teise p\u00f5lvkonda kuuluvad robotid, mis suudavad andurite l\u00e4bireageerida keskkonnas toimuvatele muutustele. Kuna robot suudab keskkonda tunnetada, siisroboti efektiivsus oleneb suures osas tarkvarast, mis teda juhib. Ka antud kursuse k\u00e4iguskasutatavad robotid kuuluvad k\u00f5ik teise p\u00f5lvkonda, kui kasutada neil andureid keskkonnatunnetamiseks ning programmeerida nad iseseisvalt tegutsema.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Kolmas p\u00f5lvkond.<\/strong> Kolmas p\u00f5lvkond on veel v\u00e4ljat\u00f6\u00f6tamisel. Kolmanda p\u00f5lvkonna robotidsuudavad olukordi anal\u00fc\u00fcsida ning \u00f5ppida. N\u00e4iteks filmis \u201eMina, Robot” olev robot, mis suudabj\u00e4reldusi teha ning sellest \u00f5ppida, on kolmandast p\u00f5lvkonnast.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e4iteks, <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • n\u00f5udepesumasin, on Esimene p\u00f5lvkond<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • fikseeritud liikumisega on Esimene p\u00f5lvkond<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • robotk\u00e4si on Esimene p\u00f5lvkond<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • automaatselt s\u00fcttiv lamp on Teine p\u00f5lvkond<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • ise keeli \u00f5ppiv robot on Kolmas p\u00f5lvkond<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Miks manipulaatorid ei ole robotid?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Manipulaatorid on spetsiifiline alamkategooria robotitest, millel on konkreetne funktsioon ja mida sageli kasutatakse t\u00f6\u00f6stuslikes rakendustes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Mis on masinate eelised v\u00f5rreldes inimt\u00f6\u00f6j\u00f5uga?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Masinad vajavad v\u00e4hem aega puhkamiseks kui inimesed ja robotid ei tunne valu ega sure m\u00fcrgiste gaaside t\u00f5ttu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Millised kolm tingimust peavad olema t\u00e4idetud, et teatud masinat v\u00f5i seadet saaks robotiks nimetada?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Sellel peab olema kontroller
    Sellel peab olema andur v\u00f5i sensor
    Sellel peab olema t\u00e4itja<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0420\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e
    \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438
    Python C++
    \u0420\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u044b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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    \u0423 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043e\u043d \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0411\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0438\u0433\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430
    \u0411\u0438\u0442\u0432\u044b \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441 1998 \u043f\u043e 2004
    \u0410 \u0432 \u0441\u0448\u0430 \u0441 1994 \u043f\u043e 1997<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043f \u0424\u0418\u0413\u0423\u0420\u0415 – \u0427\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442 168 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u0438\u0442 60\u043a\u0433 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c 1.2 \u043c \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0435\u0441 20\u043a\u0433
    2024 \u0424\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u041e\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0438
    \u0418\u043c\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0424\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0435 01<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 “\u0420\u043e\u0431\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0442”?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 Robonaut \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443 \u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 (\u041c\u041a\u0421) \u0441 2012 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u041d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442-\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0438\u0434 \u0441 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d: \u043a \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043b\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f (“\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438”), \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u0412 \u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a Robonaut 2 (R2) \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Boston Dynamics – \u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u043a \u0420\u044d\u0439\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442 BigDog \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 (\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0439)
    Spot – \u0414\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 75,000$ \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0445 \u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043c\u0431 \u0434\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0443 ishowspeed’a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Talos the walking biped robot, humanoid type
    \u0422\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442 \u0428\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442-\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0438\u0434 TALOS \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u044f\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0445, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0417\u0430\u043c\u043a\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0440 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u044f\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0439.

    TALOS has a payload of 6 Kg with each arm fully extended, because it was designed having in mind the use of heavy industrial tools. This enables our walking biped humanoid robot to effectively perform tasks in various environments such as the Factory of the Future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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    \"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Mis on robot? Maailma esimene robot. Robot on programmeeritav, automaatselt isetoimiv masin, mida kasutatakse inimese liikumist ja tajumist asendavates t\u00f6\u00f6des v\u00f5i toimingutes. Roboteid on mitut t\u00fc\u00fcpi, n\u00e4iteks t\u00f6\u00f6stusrobotid, militaarrobotid, uurimisrobotid, meditsiinirobotid, p\u00f5llumajandusrobotid ja majapidamisrobotid. Need masinad v\u00f5ivad olla kaugjuhitavad, programmeeritavad v\u00f5i m\u00f5lemat korraga. Kuigi m\u00f5ned robotid on inimesekujulised, enamik neist on mingi vajaliku funktsiooni t\u00e4itva mehhanismi sarnased. Maailma esimene robot Unimate, mis v\u00f5ttis […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-with-title","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-391","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nTheory - Timur Bashirov Portfolio<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/timurbasirov23.thkit.ee\/wp\/eng\/teoria\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Theory - Timur Bashirov Portfolio\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mis on robot? Maailma esimene robot. Robot on programmeeritav, automaatselt isetoimiv masin, mida kasutatakse inimese liikumist ja tajumist asendavates t\u00f6\u00f6des v\u00f5i toimingutes. Roboteid on mitut t\u00fc\u00fcpi, n\u00e4iteks t\u00f6\u00f6stusrobotid, militaarrobotid, uurimisrobotid, meditsiinirobotid, p\u00f5llumajandusrobotid ja majapidamisrobotid. Need masinad v\u00f5ivad olla kaugjuhitavad, programmeeritavad v\u00f5i m\u00f5lemat korraga. Kuigi m\u00f5ned robotid on inimesekujulised, enamik neist on mingi vajaliku funktsiooni t\u00e4itva mehhanismi sarnased. 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